Radha has three children. She does not want to have more children. Radha visits a nearby hospital, to know the methods to prevent pregnancy.
(i) Mention the name of any two ways other than the surgical methods, following which Radha can avoid unwanted pregnancies.
(ii) Name the surgical methods to prevent pregnancy.
(iii) Give one example each of sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria and virus.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 06:42 · grounding rag
Model Answer
(i) Two non-surgical contraceptive methods Radha can use:
- Mechanical barrier method – Use of condom (on penis) or similar covering worn in the vagina, which prevents sperm from reaching the egg.
- Hormonal pills (oral pills) – These change the hormonal balance of the body so that eggs are not released and fertilisation cannot occur.
(She could also use copper-T / loop placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy.)
(ii) Surgical methods to prevent pregnancy:
- Vasectomy – The vas deferens in the male is blocked, preventing sperm transfer.
- Tubectomy – The fallopian tube in the female is blocked, preventing the egg from reaching the uterus.
In both cases, fertilisation does not take place.
(iii) Examples of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs):
- Caused by bacteria: Gonorrhoea / Syphilis
- Caused by virus: HIV-AIDS / Warts
Source: Chapter 7, Section 7.3.3(d)
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Explanation
- For part (i), name two methods clearly — barrier (condom/vaginal covering), hormonal pills, or copper-T/loop are all valid; pick any two.
- For part (ii), examiners expect the specific names vasectomy and tubectomy along with a one-line explanation of each.
- For part (iii), the passage directly names gonorrhoea and syphilis (bacterial) and warts and HIV-AIDS (viral) — use these exact examples for full marks.
- Avoid writing more than needed; crisp, labelled points score well in 5-mark questions.