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Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Q1. [1]
Given below are the structures of some hydrocarbons. Select the two structures which are related to each other from the given options : (i) H–C–C–C=C–H (but-1-ene type structure) (ii) H–C–C–C–C–H (butane type structure) (iii) H–C–C–C–C–H (another butane-type structure) (iv) Cl–C–C–C=C–H (chloro-but-1-ene type structure)
  1. (A) (i) and (iv)
  2. (B) (ii) and (iv)
  3. (C) (ii) and (iii)
  4. (D) (i) and (iii)
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2025 31/3/1 Q4
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 06:47 · grounding rag
Model Answer

(C) (ii) and (iii)

Structures (ii) and (iii) both have the molecular formula C₄H₁₀ (butane) but different carbon skeletons — they are structural isomers.

Explanation

Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures. (ii) is n-butane (straight chain) and (iii) is isobutane (branched chain) — both C₄H₁₀. Structure (i) is but-1-ene (C₄H₈, unsaturated), and (iv) has a Cl substituent, making it a haloalkane with a different molecular formula. Examiners expect you to identify identical molecular formula + different structure = structural isomers.

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