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Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Q1. [5]
Answer the following :
  1. (a) State Ohm's law.
  2. (b) Name and define the physical quantity determined by the slope of V–I curve given in the diagram. Use this graph to find the value of this physical quantity in SI units.
  3. (c) Establish the relationship between 1 kWh and 1 joule.
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2023 31/5/1 Q36
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 06:44 · grounding rag
Model Answer

(a) Ohm's Law:
At constant temperature, the potential difference (V) across the ends of a conductor is directly proportional to the current (I) flowing through it.
$$V \propto I \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{V}{I} = R \text{ (constant)}$$

(b) The physical quantity determined by the slope of the V–I graph is Resistance (R).

Resistance is defined as the ratio of potential difference across a conductor to the current flowing through it.

$$R = \frac{V}{I} = \text{slope of V–I graph}$$

From the graph (using marked data points, e.g., V = 6 V, I = 2 A):
$$R = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \ \Omega$$

SI unit of resistance is ohm (Ω).

(c) Relationship between 1 kWh and 1 Joule:

$$1 \text{ kWh} = 1 \text{ kW} \times 1 \text{ h}$$
$$= 1000 \text{ W} \times 3600 \text{ s}$$
$$= 3.6 \times 10^6 \text{ W·s}$$
$$\boxed{1 \text{ kWh} = 3.6 \times 10^6 \text{ J}}$$

Source: Chapter 11 – Electricity, Sections 11.2, 11.5, 11.7

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Explanation
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