(d) I, II, III, V, IV
In Leishmania, binary fission occurs in a definite orientation — the flagellum (whip-like structure) divides first, followed by progressive splitting of the cell, making option (d) the correct order.
The diagram shows the flagellum duplicating early in the process and the cell elongating before splitting. The NCERT text emphasises that Leishmania undergoes binary fission in a definite orientation relative to its whip-like structure (flagellum). Examiners expect students to recall that this directional fission distinguishes Leishmania from Amoeba (which splits in any plane). Option (d) matches the standard sequence shown in Figure 7.1(b) of the textbook.
Source: Chapter 7, Section 7.2.1 Fission