Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

When India became independent in 1947, there were demands to reorganise State boundaries on the basis of language. Many national leaders feared this would lead to the disintegration of the country, so the Central Government initially resisted it. However, experience proved these fears wrong — the formation of linguistic States actually made the country more united and made administration easier.

States were reorganised so that people speaking the same language lived in the same State. Some States like Nagaland, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand were created on the basis of culture, ethnicity or geography. This successful reorganisation showed that democratic India could accommodate diversity peacefully — making it the first major test for democratic politics.

Source: Federalism, Chapter 2 — Linguistic States

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• The examiner expects three clear points: (1) initial fear/resistance, (2) outcome — unity and easier administration, (3) basis of reorganisation (language/culture/ethnicity).
• Use the phrase "more united" — it is directly from the textbook and earns marks.
• Avoid writing about language policy or Centre–State relations; those are separate sub-topics and will waste word count.
• ~80 words fits 3 marks perfectly here.