Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Among producers and workers, the impact of globalisation has not been uniform:

1. MNCs and large companies benefited: MNCs increased investments in India in sectors like automobiles, electronics, and IT. Top Indian companies like Tata Motors and Infosys invested in new technology, raised production standards, and some even emerged as MNCs themselves.

1. Small producers suffered: Small manufacturers in sectors like toys, batteries, and capacitors faced stiff competition from cheaper imported goods, causing many units to shut down.

1. Skilled workers gained: Workers with education and skills found new opportunities in IT, call centres, and services sector.

1. Unskilled workers suffered: Workers in garment export industries face temporary employment, long working hours, low wages, and no social security benefits, as seen in Sushila's case.

1. Flexible labour laws hurt workers: To attract foreign investment, governments allowed companies to hire workers temporarily, removing earlier protections enjoyed by organised sector workers.

Source: Chapter 4 — Impact of Globalisation in India; Competition and Uncertain Employment

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The examiner expects you to give both sides clearly — who benefited and who did not — with specific examples (Tata Motors, Infosys for positives; garment workers, small producers for negatives). Always mention the reason behind inequality (competition, flexible labour laws, skill gap). Sushila's case is a strong real-life example to include. Avoid writing vague statements; use the textbook's own examples for full marks.