Science — AI-generated practice question

Urine formation in the nephron involves two steps:

1. Filtration: Blood is filtered under pressure in the glomerulus (capillary cluster) into the Bowman's capsule. This filtrate contains water, glucose, amino acids, salts, urea, and uric acid.

2. Selective Reabsorption: As the filtrate passes through the renal tubule, useful substances like glucose, amino acids, salts, and a large amount of water are selectively reabsorbed back into the blood. Only waste-rich fluid (urine) remains.

Regulation of water reabsorption: The amount of water reabsorbed depends on (i) how much excess water is present in the body, and (ii) how much dissolved waste needs to be excreted.

Source: Chapter 5, Section 5.5.1

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• The examiner expects you to clearly name and distinguish filtration (at Bowman's capsule/glomerulus) from reabsorption (in the tubule).
• Mentioning what is filtered and what is reabsorbed earns separate marks.
• The final point on water reabsorption is directly from the textbook — use those exact two factors; don't add extra detail.
• Avoid writing a long paragraph; bullet/numbered structure is cleaner and scoring for 3 marks.