Science — AI-generated practice question

The chlor-alkali process is the electrolysis of brine (common salt solution, NaCl). When electricity is passed through brine, it decomposes to give chlorine gas at the anode, hydrogen gas at the cathode, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is formed near the cathode.

$$\text{NaCl(aq)} \xrightarrow{\text{electrolysis}} \text{Na}^+\text{(aq)} + \text{Cl}^-\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{NaOH} + \text{Cl}_2 + \text{H}_2$$

All three products are useful industrially — chlorine for bleaching and disinfecting, hydrogen as fuel, and NaOH in paper and textile industries.

Source: Chapter 2 (Acids, Bases and Salts), Uses of salts section

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• The question is from Class 10 Chapter 2 (Acids, Bases and Salts), specifically the section on uses of sodium chloride (common salt) and its electrolysis.
• Examiners expect: the name brine, the term electrolysis, all three products (Cl₂, H₂, NaOH), and at least one use of each product.
• The source passages provided do not directly cover this topic, but the answer is grounded in the prescribed NCERT textbook content for Chapter 2.
• Do not confuse with the chlorination (substitution) reaction of hydrocarbons — that is a different chapter entirely.